Tag: Fertility

Hormones help to regulate almost all of the body’s processes, including reproductive health and fertility. Testing your hormones regularly can give you insights into your overall health and help you track changes in your menstrual cycle and fertility over time. Here we’ve broken down which hormones you should test and why.  Quick facts: What are hormones? Put simply, hormones are small chemical messengers that travel through the blood to different parts of your body. They help control many different functions from growth and development to metabolism, the menstrual cycles, fertility and mood, just to name a few. Hormones are made by special cells in the endocrine system. Some of the major endocrine glands are: Why are sex hormones important? Sex hormones are a group of hormones that help to regulate the female and male reproductive organs and fertility. They are important not only for reproductive health but for overall health too—often having multiple functions within the body.  The main hormones involved in the female reproductive system are:  Thyroid hormones can also impact your levels of reproductive hormones. Why do you need to test your hormones? Hormones are often involved in complex feedback loops with one another. This means if one hormone gets off balance, it can often disrupt the whole system and bring about multiple, often overlapping symptoms.  Our hormones are also changing constantly, as we age and in response to things like lifestyle factors, medications or external stresses. A change in your hormone levels could be the reason you’re feeling sluggish or slightly emotional, explain your irregular periods or why you’re struggling to get pregnant. Our hormone levels can give us insight into both our overall reproductive health, show our risk factors for certain conditions, explain any unwanted symptoms, or indicate the health of our ovarian reserve and fertility.  Which hormones should I test? Which hormones you need to test and monitor will depend on your individual medical history, symptoms, biometrics and fertility goals. Luckily, our Online Health Assessment is built on a proprietary algorithm that does the leg work for you, recommending you hormone panel personalised to you.  Let’s take a look at each of the main female sex hormones and what testing them could tell you.  Follicle-stimulating hormone One of the main hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle and fertility is follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Its main job is to stimulate your ovaries each month to mature a set of follicles (the sacs that house the immature eggs) into mature eggs.  If FSH gets out of balance, ovulation can be affected, negatively impacting fertility and causing irregular cycles.  FSH levels increase with age. High FSH is usually an indication that ovarian reserver is declining and more FSH is needed to encourage your eggs to grow. This is why monitoring FSH can help you understand the health of your ovaries.  FSH levels will slowly increase with age as your ovarian reserve declines. When your ovarian reserve is finally depleted (and menopause occurs), FSH levels become substantially elevated. This is why FSH is used as an indicator of menopause.  Persistently high FSH levels in someone younger than 40, along with irregular periods and vasomotor symptoms, could indicate premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). This is when someone experiences menopause before the age of 40. FSH levels are usually not recommended as an indicator of menopause beyond the age of 45. Oestrogen (Oestradiol) Oestrogen is an important hormone for the growth and maturation of eggs and the thickening of the uterus lining each cycle. It’s also incredibly important for overall health, regulating bone, heart, skin and hair health, as well as mood.  Oestrogen is made by the ovaries, so monitoring oestrogen levels gives a good indication of how well your ovaries, and menstrual cycle in general, are functioning. Oestrogen levels will fluctuate and eventually significantly drop when your ovarian reserve becomes depleted and menopause occurs. Low oestrogen levels are therefore linked with many symptoms of menopause, such as dry skin and hair, vaginal dryness, hot flushes, brain fog, night sweats, difficulty falling asleep and fatigue.  Luteinising hormone (LH) LH is the hormone responsible for triggering ovulation, which is the release of the mature egg from an ovary each month.  If your LH levels are too low or too high, it can interfere with ovulation. High LH levels are often seen in those with Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovary Syndrome (PMOS, formerly known as PCOS), which can cause irregular ovulation and issues with periods and fertility. Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH)  is a super important hormone for fertility and overall reproductive health. AMH is made by the small sacs, called follicles, in your ovaries. These follicles house your eggs.  Since AMH is made by the follicles, your AMH levels can therefore give you an insight into your ovarian reserve, or how many eggs you have at the time of testing.  We were all born with all of the eggs we’ll ever have, and as we age, both our egg quality and quantity decline. Generally, our AMH levels will decline with age as our egg count diminishes, unless we have an underlying condition or lifestyle factor which is affecting our AMH levels (like PMOS).  High AMH levels can be an indicator of polycystic ovaries and can be used to diagnose PMOS based on recently updated clinical guidelines. On the other hand, low AMH along with high FSH and low oestrogen is usually an indicator of low ovarian reserve.  AMH is often also used to predict someone’s chances of success during fertility treatment, such as egg freezing and IVF. However, it’s important to remember that AMH can only tell you about the quantity, and not the quality, of your eggs. Testosterone Testosterone can be converted to produce the wonder hormone oestrogen and is also associated with libido, maintaining muscle mass, vaginal health, breast health and bone health.  High levels of testosterone can cause symptoms such as excess body and facial hair, acne, and irregular or absent periods. These symptoms are often seen in women with PMOS […]

Still, a hushed and taboo topic – almost 1 in every 6 couples have fertility issues in the UK-that’s about 3.5 million. The global infertility rate is increasing as people choose to have children later in their lives, with the average age to have a first child now 30.7 years in the UK. This means that fertility treatment is becoming more and more common, so the need for fertility benefits as support is more important than ever. Infertility and the fertility treatment journey can be a roller coaster, both emotionally and physically. Almost 90% of people experience depression as a result of infertility. Over 40% do not disclose that they are undergoing fertility treatment to their employers fearing that it would negatively impact their career prospects. Here are a few recommendations on how you can support your employees undergoing fertility treatment and challenges better: 1. Help people understand the basics about their fertility. Up to 59% of respondents in a Fertility Network UK survey felt their employer would benefit from education about fertility and treatment options to help better understand and support the needs of someone undergoing treatment. Referring your employee to resources that may help them understand the basics of all things reproductive health will make them more confident in their reproductive journeys. 2. Help establish the feeling of a supportive environment. Educational workshops can be a stepping stone to understanding the concerns your employees might have surrounding their fertility. These can help build open dialogue and encourage them to discuss fertility issues without concerns of negative consequences. 88 % of employees who felt unsupported during IVF treatment have left or consider leaving their job. Partnering with organisations that provide fertility counselling can support your employees during this emotional turmoil. 3. Establish a fertility benefits policy in the workplace. Eligible employees in the UK have a statutory right to up to 52 weeks of maternity leave and 2 weeks paternity leave. On the other hand, preconception care is not a statutory right, which is why most employers do not have formal policies in place. With the number of NHS-funded cycles declining rapidly and extensive criteria couples, especially LGBTQ+ couples, have to fulfil before accessing a funded cycle, many people are opting for private treatment but few can afford it. The average cost per cycle in a private clinic is about £5,000+, but it can cost even more depending on the treatment options chosen and the clinic. Establishing fertility benefits policies – covering proactive fertility testing, fertility treatment or egg freezing costs or providing low-interest loans – can help align your interests with your employees, supporting their individual journeys to parenthood, facilitating equality, diversity and inclusion. 4. Establish flexible work options. Fertility treatment is time-consuming because it means having to attend multiple tests, appointments, consultations and procedures. Appointments can often end up with long wait times or need recovery time. For most people, a single cycle of IVF can take between four and six weeks. Usually, the time employees take off work for fertility treatment is deducted from their paid time off or sick leave. Not having a fertility treatment leave policy has been linked to greater levels of distress, risk of burnout and reduced performance. Providing flexible working hours and arrangements can help support employees with the time they might need to attend clinic appointments. 5. Find the right partner to support with fertility benefits. Selecting the optimal partner is paramount when developing and implementing employee reproductive health benefits. To ensure your workforce receives the most comprehensive support possible, the chosen solution should address the full spectrum of the fertility and hormone journey. A truly comprehensive benefit package should aim to integrate several critical components: Hertility Health is dedicated to shaping the future of Reproductive Health, providing individuals with the tools to understand and manage their fertility and hormone health from menstruation through menopause. To learn more about implementing our Reproductive Health Education and Benefits within your organisation reach out to: benefits@hertilityhealth.com or visit our website: https://hertilityhealth.com/workplace.

Absenteeism, presenteeism, and stigma in the workplace. The profound impact of menstruation on workplace productivity and attendance is often overlooked, but period, PMS and symptoms associated can be extremely debilitating. Every day, millions of people show up to work and perform at the highest level while silently navigating the complexities of reproductive health. Many might try to manage it with home remedies and over the counter medication; for up to 1 in 10 women, it can cause severe debilitating chronic pain, impacting their daily routine due to a condition called endometriosis. “I never did say to work, that I was off because of period pain because I worked for years in a very male dominated banking environment…I felt there was an issue of stigma with saying I was off…I would have to invent reasons month after month, soldier on, dose yourself up and try and get through the days best you could. Then collapse when you go home.” – (Gender Health Gap Report, 2024) The Data: How can employers support this? 1. Help people understand the basics of their reproductive health. A supportive workplace can improve employee productivity and loyalty, reduce absenteeism and improve DE&I. Here are a few recommendations on how you can support your employees better through inclusive healthcare. Many women grew up believing period pain was a normal part of life. Social and cultural taboos combined with a lack of education on menstrual health could explain why someone might not discuss their period-related symptoms or ignore them altogether. Employers can help break this cycle of misinformation by referring employees to resources to understand their reproductive health better. Additionally, organising lunch & learns and workshops can be a stepping stone to open dialogue and normalise conversations around period pain in the workplace. 2. Establish support in the workplace. Experiencing pain in the workplace is challenging for employees. Providing flexible working hours, rotas and arrangements such as a quiet room, period products, heat packs, or modified workstations can support employees with the time they might need to prioritise their health. Research on menstrual workplace policies from Monash University found that flexible policies based on the individual employee’s needs were more effective than a blanket period leave. Beyond policies, ensuring that managers are well-trained to talk about reproductive health and support employees through their struggles will also help create a supportive environment at work. 3. Find the right partner to support reproductive health policies. Taking the first steps in making the workplace more period-friendly is a big task, which is why it is important to find a reputable expert provider who can support employers in educating their workforce, instating progressive policies and providing solutions to employees’ worries around their reproductive health. Hertility Health is shaping the future of reproductive health by giving women the ability to understand and manage their hormone health from menstruation to menopause. We believe in a proactive approach to reproductive health – by detecting issues early, helps prevent issues later down the line. We deliver our world-class reproductive health benefits to many leading companies and improve access to reproductive healthcare and education. We provide in personalised plans – for you and your employees – and offer a range of corporate plans and coverage options to suit your needs, from educational workshops, to female health assessments and consultations with in-house experts. For early adopters that have existing fertility treatment benefits for employees, we help you protect your budget – our proactive hormone tests are a fraction of the clinic price and by identifying issues early we can prevent costly treatment. Where treatment is required, our blood tests are accepted by partner clinics and reduce time to treatment. We provide DE&I impact reports, so you can see the tangible impact on your workforce and your bottom line. To learn more about our Reproductive Health Education and Benefits for Employers, reach out to benefits@hertilityhealth.com or visit our website https://hertilityhealth.com/workplace

COVID-19 and the shift to remote working has catalysed the demand for mental health benefits – it is now a “must have” for employers in 2021. In fact, in a recent survey, 91% of respondents stated that a company’s culture should support mental health. It is no coincidence that mental well-being is included in how reproductive health is defined by the World Health Organisation, stating that “Reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes”. These two elements of well-being are interconnected. As a result, it is impossible to provide comprehensive mental health benefits without considering the impact that reproductive health conditions can have and figuring out how employees dealing with those can be supported. How do reproductive health conditions affect mental health? InfertilityTake infertility, which affects 1 in 6 couples in the UK. Despite its prevalence, it is often met with confusion and denial.. This can seriously impact mental well-being – feelings of anxiety, depression and loss are all common. Besides, treatment can be time-consuming, stressful and a significant financial burden for individuals. Leading employers in the benefits space are recognising the impact that infertility may have on mental health and offering “fertility leave” as well as compassionate leave after miscarriage. EndometriosisReproductive health conditions such as endometriosis are associated with difficulty conceiving and chronic pain, both of which impact quality of life. Alongside having increased sick leave and loss of productivity, women with endometriosis feel their career goals were impacted negatively. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)PMS describes the array of physical and emotional changes that occur as part of the monthly cycle. Approximately 90% of people who menstruate experience PMS. In some cases, this can be debilitating, a condition known as premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). PMDD can be so severe that suicidal thoughts are common in these women. Undiagnosed health issuesUnfortunately, it is not just the physical manifestations of the conditions alone that may impact employees’ mental health. Stigma and shame on reproductive health conditions from society and inadequate support from healthcare with symptom dismissal and months or years required to get to a diagnosis can be a significant cause of anxiety or depression for people suffering from a reproductive health condition. Many things in this journey even after getting the answers are outside of employees’ control. There are no guarantees that fertility treatments will succeed; failed attempts can seriously affect mental health, especially in those cases where little can be done to change the outcome. How can you support your employees on their reproductive health journey?There are several things that you can do to help alleviate the burden reproductive health conditions can place on mental health. Destigmatise reproductive health conditions by encouraging education and learning. This is a great way to challenge the current attitude to reproductive health conditions in the workplace and facilitates supportive conversations. Joining schemes provided by charitable bodies such as the Endometriosis Friendly Employer scheme can help you to make those first steps. Create a supportive workplace environment through flexible working hours for those who need to attend multiple appointments, inclusive leave policies and offering free menstrual products in bathrooms. Provide comprehensive reproductive health benefits by partnering with companies like Hertility to connect your employees to expert care and help them make informed decisions with regards to their reproductive health. These can include things such as proactive testing opportunities with actionable insights, fertility counselling, referrals to trusted clinics and specialist care with experts in the field. About Hertility HealthHertility Health is shaping the future of Reproductive Health by giving women the ability to understand and manage their fertility and hormone health from menstruation to menopause. 1 in 3 women suffer from a reproductive health issue, yet conversations around fertility, menopause and menstrual symptoms are still stigmatised in the workplace. As employees suffer in silence – up to £4k is lost per year per employee due to reduced productivity, absenteeism and presenteeism. Hertility reduces the need for unnecessary appointments and delay in diagnosis time through an online health assessment and at home test. To learn more about our Reproductive Health Education and Benefits for Employers, reach out to benefits@hertilityhealth.com or visit our website.

Deciding to start a family is never an easy process, but for some employees who identify as part of the LGBTQ+ community, their journey to parenthood might need some more support. Being a 21st-century employer means establishing an inclusive, progressive and supportive work environment to attract and retain employees. A 2017 study by Mercer found that 33% of UK respondents do not offer equal benefits to LGBTQ+  employees because they do not know how to implement such a benefit! Check your fertility Here are some ways to provide support to your LGBTQ+ employees in their fertility journeys Recognise that there are multiple paths to parenthood Partner with experts like Hertility to raise awareness about the advances in fertility treatments such as IVF (in vitro fertilisation), IUI (intrauterine insemination), surrogacy, etc., that made it possible for LGBTQ+ couples to have biologically related children. Refer your employee to resources like Hertility that may help them understand the basics of all things reproductive health will make them more confident in their reproductive journeys. Don’t treat fertility treatment as a lifestyle choice Gender-affirming treatments can impact fertility, and therefore, many require fertility preservation, such as banking eggs, sperm or embryos before medical transition. With the number of NHS-funded cycles declining rapidly, LGBTQ+ couples have to fulfil extensive criteria before being eligible for a funded cycle, because of which,  many are opting for private treatment, where the average cost per cycle can be about £5,000, varying significantly depending on the treatment options chosen and the clinic (HFEA). Listen to feedback from employees,  ask them what they would want to feel more supported in their choices and try to develop policies around them. Establishing fertility benefits policies – covering proactive fertility testing, fertility treatment or egg freezing costs or providing low-interest loans – can help align your interests with your employees, supporting their individual journeys to parenthood, facilitating equality, diversity and inclusion. Ensure you have fertility leave policies and make sure they are inclusive If you have existing family planning and health benefit policies, revisit the language and clauses to ensure LGBTQ+ employees are eligible for the equal benefits to support them as they embark on their parenthood journey, whether that be through fertility treatment, surrogacy, adoption, or parental leave. Hertility can help train your staff on all things related to policies. About Hertility Health Hertility Health is shaping the future of Reproductive Health by giving women the ability to understand and manage their fertility and hormone health from menstruation to menopause. 1 in 3 women suffer with a reproductive health issue, yet conversations around fertility, menopause and menstrual symptoms are still stigmatised in the workplace. As employees suffer in silence – up to £4k is lost per year per employee due to reduced productivity, absenteeism and presenteeism. To learn more about our Reproductive Health Education and Benefits for Employers, reach out to benefits@hertilityhealth.com or visit our website. Trusted resources: https://www.imercer.com/uploads/dmi/2017_lgbt_sample.pdf https://www.bpas.org/media/3484/bpas-fertility-investigation-nhs-funded-fertility-care-for-female-same-sex-couples.pdf

When our reproductive hormone levels are affected, it can cause menstrual cycle disruptions that can result in fertility issues. In this article, we’ll take a look at alcohol’s effects on the main female reproductive hormones. Quick facts: How alcohol and hormones interact According to recent data, women and those assigned-female-at-birth are, on average, drinking more alcohol than ever before. Whilst many people are aware of the immediate health consequences of drinking—including the caloric impact and the dreaded hangover, there’s still very limited awareness of the effects that alcohol can have on female hormonal health.  Hormones act as chemical messengers, which control and coordinate various bodily processes. Each of our hormones relies on a complex system of interactions, often with other hormones, to maintain their levels and carry out their intended functions.  Drinking alcohol, as well as other lifestyle factors like smoking, can affect our hormones, both directly and indirectly. Which hormones are affected by alcohol? Hormones affected by alcohol include: Our hormones are sensitive. They rely on a complex set of interactions, both with one another and other bodily processes in order to stay in balance and perform their functions properly.  Alcohol consumption is known to affect our levels of oestrogen, progesterone and testosterone significantly—three very important hormones in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and overall health. It can also affect our levels of Anti-müllerian Hormone (AMH), gonadotropins like Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Lutenising hormone (LH), thyroid hormones and prolactin.  Let’s take a look at each of them in turn. Oestrogen and alcohol Oestrogen is probably the hormone you know best—it plays an important role in many elements of our health, including the regulation of the menstrual cycle, maintaining bone density and skin health. Acute consumption of alcohol has been shown to increase oestrogen levels. Increased oestrogen levels over a prolonged period can be associated with breast cancer development in those assigned-female-at-birth. The United Kingdom Million Women Study revealed that every additional drink per day contributed to 11 breast cancers per 1,000 women up to age 75. Progesterone and alcohol Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinising hormone (LH), are involved in egg maturation and ovulation, two key elements of the menstrual cycle and female fertility. A surge in your levels of LH triggers the egg to be ovulated, however, there is some evidence that alcohol consumption may affect both the levels of LH in general and the ability of the egg to respond to LH. Excessive alcohol consumption may even affect how the cells within the fallopian tubes function. Testosterone and alcohol Testosterone is typically associated with male sexual development and fertility, but it also plays an important role in female sexual development and fertility, including regulating female libido.  There is some evidence that moderate alcohol consumption may increase testosterone levels, causing an imbalance in androgen levels. High testosterone levels can lead to symptoms like acne, excessive facial and body hair growth (hirsutism), irregular periods, mood changes and loss of libido. Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) and alcohol AMH is produced by the granulosa cells within your ovarian follicles and is used as an indicator of ovarian reserve (your egg count). The relationship between alcohol consumption and AMH is slightly contentious. Some studies have found no change in AMH levels in people who consumed alcohol but more recent studies have shown those who engage in “binge drinking” had lower levels of AMH.  Binge drinking is defined by the Centres for disease control (CDC) as “a pattern of drinking that brings a person’s blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to 0.08 g/dl or above”. Basically, consuming 4 or more drinks in the space of 2 hours.  Because of AMH’s close ties to your ovarian reserve, lowered AMH levels can indicate a low ovarian reserve. Gonadotropins and alcohol There are two types of gonadotropin hormones in the body—Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Both FSH and LH are involved in egg maturation and ovulation, two key elements of the menstrual cycle and female fertility.  A surge in LH levels at the midpoint of the menstrual cycle is what triggers ovulation—that month’s mature egg being released into the Fallopian tube.  There is some evidence that suggests alcohol consumption may increase LH levels in general and also impair the ability of our eggs to respond to LH. Excessive alcohol consumption may also affect how the cells within the Fallopian tubes function. Thyroid hormones and alcohol Your thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland that plays an important role in the regulation of many different bodily functions such as your heart rate, body temperature and growth development.  Alcohol consumption has been shown to alter the levels of the thyroid hormones, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) with heavy use showing decreased levels of T3 and T4. Low levels of thyroid hormones are known as hypothyroidism and can cause a huge number of symptoms including fatigue, weight gain, heavy or irregular periods, fertility issues and irregular ovulation, depression and more. Prolactin and alcohol Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with increased prolactin levels. Consistently high levels of prolactin in your body is called hyperprolactinemia and is significantly associated with infertility through interference with other hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone. Alcohol and trying to conceive When trying to conceive, cutting down on your drinking is often one of the first things on your preconception to-do list. The dangerous effects of alcohol on the developing foetus can range from physical to mental and generally disrupt their development in the womb (see foetal alcohol syndrome).  It is also known that alcohol consumption affects the success of IVF treatment, with one study showing people who had at least four drinks per week were 16% less likely to have a live birth than those who had less than four drinks. Additionally, a 21% lower live birth rate was found for couples in which both drank more than four drinks per week. Other effects of alcohol on the body As well as impacting our hormones, alcohol has other broad-reaching effects on the body and the […]

Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) is when the ovaries stop working normally before the age of 40. Getting a diagnosis can be worrying at first, but there are options available. Let’s take a look at what you need to know about POI including symptoms and treatments.  Quick facts: What is Premature Ovarian Insufficiency? In short, Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) is when the ovaries stop functioning properly before the age of 40. It can significantly reduce your fertility.  This doesn’t always mean that you don’t have any eggs left in your ovaries or that you couldn’t carry a baby. It means your body is failing to mature eggs or to ovulate each month.You may have heard of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) being referred to as premature ovarian failure. It is also referred to as Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, gonadal dysgenesis, and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Premature Menopause Premature Menopause is when someone before the age of 40 experiences menopause. This means they will not have any more periods and are permanently no longer able to become pregnant.  This is different to POI, where although fertility becomes significantly reduced, there is a chance of spontaneous ovulation, and hence a period might still occur. Some people are still able to conceive spontaneously after their diagnosis. However, POI and Premature Menopause do share many of the same symptoms. What are the symptoms of POI ? POI symptoms are similar to menopause and low oestrogen. You’re likely to experience: Other than menopausal symptoms, loss of skin pigmentation caused by vitiligo or hyperpigmentation can accompany POI. As can hair loss caused by alopecia.  Fatigue, anxiety, and depression can also be common symptoms as a result of other symptoms or a diagnosis (3). If you’re missing your period for three or more months, it’s important to get your hormones tested to try and decipher what’s going on.  You can miss your periods for a number of reasons, including increased stress, changes to your diet or exercise routine. Some people might even like the idea of not getting a period every month, but sudden changes should always be investigated to check the cause of the change and rule out POI or something more serious. What causes POI ? Roughly 1 in 100 people will experience POI and it can affect people up to the age of 40, with some affected as early as their teens (4). But despite its prevalence, the causes, like for many female-reproductive health conditions, are still relatively unknown (2).  POI can happen spontaneously. However, there are a few known risk factors that may increase your risk of developing POI. These include: How is POI diagnosed? To receive a POI diagnosis, you’ll need to get a hormone test. High FSH (greater than 25) and low oestrogen levels, also seen at the onset of menopause, are indicators of POI. This is accompanied by absent, unpredictable or irregular periods for at least two consecutive months.  If POI is suspected, you might also be sent for an internal ultrasound to check your antral follicle count (AFC). Antral follicles are small fluid-filled sacs in your ovaries containing immature eggs. An AFC count is an indicator of the number of eggs you have left in your ovaries, also known as your ovarian reserve. What does POI mean for my overall health? POI can increase the risk of other illnesses or health problems if left untreated. People with untreated POI have an increased risk of developing heart disease and stroke.  Also, because oestrogen plays such an important role in bone health, low oestrogen seen in POI is known to lead to lower bone density, increased risk of bone fractures, and osteoporosis.  There is also evidence that lower oestrogen levels earlier in life can increase the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease or dementia (3,4). If you have received a POI diagnosis, your doctor will likely recommend hormone therapy to you. This could be in the form of HRT or taking some form of hormonal contraception.  Hormone therapy can help to alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of developing the associated conditions mentioned above. Does POI affect fertility? Often, yes, POI can reduce your fertility significantly. This can mean getting a diagnosis can be stressful and upsetting, particularly if you want to start or grow your family.  Although POI means your ovaries aren’t functioning properly, as many as 25% of people with POI do spontaneously ovulate. Another 10% do conceive and deliver after their diagnosis (5). If you are looking to get pregnant, there are treatment options available if you have POI—including In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF).  Egg donation is also an option for some people. POI is a condition that affects the ovaries, not the uterus. This means egg implantation and your ability to carry a pregnancy are not greatly affected by a POI. Think you might be experiencing POI symptoms? If you suspect POI symptoms, like irregular or absent periods, it’s important to get checked. Our at-home advanced hormone and fertility test can give you a better insight into your hormones and any symptoms you might be experiencing.  Our team of experts will help you understand whether your symptoms are related to POI or other underlying health conditions. We can also support you with follow-up fertility treatments and fast-track you to specialists for tailored care plans. References:

How can your thyroid be affecting your fertility? Your thyroid is a butterfly-shaped gland located at the front of your throat. It plays a crucial role in influencing metabolism, temperature, growth, and development, via the production of thyroid hormones. The main thyroid hormones are thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Whilst many are aware that the imbalance of these hormones could cause changes in weight and mood, not quite so many of you know that your thyroid can also affect your fertility and menstrual cycle. If you think of your thyroid as a conductor in an orchestra, conducting many different instruments (organs) as they play their music (produce hormones), then it’s easier to understand how if one your organs is off key, it tends to mess up the whole song. If your cycles are out of sync or you’re trying to conceive, it’s probably a good idea to check your thyroid is in tune and working optimally. CHECK YOUR FERTILITY What are thyroid disorders? About 2-4% of women of reproductive age struggle with a thyroid imbalance. When your thyroid is underactive, it is known as hypothyroidism. The main symptoms of hypothyroidism are weight gain, thinning hair, severe fatigue, slowed heart rate, depression, decreased libido, and sensitivity to cold. When your thyroid is overactive, it is known as hyperthyroidism. These two issues are like yin and yang, so the main symptoms of this are pretty much the opposite of hypothyroidism. That is, rapid weight loss, increased appetite, increased sensitivity to heat, frequent bowel movements, menstrual irregularities and irritability. Also not ideal. How can thyroid dysfunctions affect your reproductive health? Thyroid disorders can mess with your metabolism, as well as disrupt your hormones in general. The hormonal issues that arise as a result can include anovulation, or the inability to ovulate, as well as luteal phase defects, hyperproalctinemia, and general sex hormone imbalance. As the thyroid plays a crucial role in growth and development, a healthy thyroid is necessary for maintaining a healthy pregnancy as well. Is there a connection with your thyroid and fertility? While thyroid issues are problematic, they are a confounding factor in your fertility, rather than a direct problem. For example, when a car blocks you in and you can’t leave, it’s not an issue with your car, but rather the other car in your way. Same goes for this –  fertility resolves once the thyroid problem resolves. One study demonstrated that 76% of women who fixed their thyroid were able to conceive between 6 weeks to 1 year afterwards. Testing your thyroid levels is the best place to start to help you understand whether you may be suffering from a thyroid disorder. In hypothyroidism, TSH would be high, while T3 and T4 would be low. With hyperthyroidism, the opposite is true, and TSH would be low, while T3 and T4 would be high. Once you have an understanding of where your thyroid stands, you can then treat this issue, which is primarily done with oral medication. Hypothyroidism is typically treated with thyroxine (T4) replacement, and Cytomel, or T3 replacement, may also be required in specific cases. Hyperthyroidism is a bit more complicated, and is treated with antithyroid medication, iodine, or surgery. Sometimes, drugs known as beta-blockers are used as well. It is important to find an endocrinologist that you trust, and possibly to even get a second opinion, if you feel like there is an issue with the treatment you’ve been prescribed. If this has got you scratching your head about your own thyroid levels or questioning your overall fertility, Hertility are here to fill in the blanks. With our at-home tests, we can give you a better insight into your health, and if this little gland isn’t in check, we’ll lead you down the path to fixing it.